What does 'adaptive reuse' refer to in architecture?

Adaptive reuse in architecture refers to the process of repurposing old buildings for new uses. This practice entails taking a structure that may no longer serve its original function and transforming it to fulfill a different purpose, which often preserves the historic or architectural significance of the building while meeting current demands.

The approach is beneficial as it promotes sustainability by reducing waste, conserving resources, and repurposing existing materials, rather than starting from scratch with new construction. Additionally, adaptive reuse helps maintain the character of a community or area by keeping historical elements intact, which can foster a sense of identity and continuity.

Some examples of adaptive reuse include converting a warehouse into residential lofts, transforming a church into a restaurant, or repurposing a factory into office space. This concept stands in contrast to constructing entirely new buildings, preserving sites without any changes, or designing structures exclusively for commercial purposes, all of which do not involve the creative transformation of existing spaces.