What term describes the science of human settlement?

The term that correctly describes the science of human settlement is "Ekistics." This term was coined by the Greek architect Constantinos Doxiadis in the mid-20th century and focuses specifically on the study of human settlements and their development, encompassing the interactions between people and their environments. Ekistics deals with the principles and patterns of settlement development, urban planning, and the dynamics of communities within various social, cultural, and economic contexts.

Urbanism, while related to the study of cities and their design, focuses more on urban life and the characteristics of urban areas rather than the broader scope of human settlements. Anthropology studies the complexities of human behavior and societies in a more general sense, without a targeted focus on settlement patterns. Sociology examines social behavior and structures, but it is not specifically dedicated to the study of human settlement as a distinct scientific discipline. Hence, "Ekistics" is the most precise and relevant term among the options provided.