When surveying, what should be established first to guarantee accurate measurements and calculations?

The establishment of reference points is crucial in surveying as they serve as fixed locations from which measurements can be accurately taken. These reference points provide a reliable framework that ensures all subsequent measurements and calculations are consistent and precise. Without well-defined reference points, the integrity of the entire survey could be compromised, leading to errors in plotting and analyzing the surveyed area.

Reference points may include benchmarks, cornerstones, or other permanent markers that are easily identifiable and verifiable. They help surveyors create a network that aids in establishing locations throughout the surveying process. This foundational step is paramount, as it directly impacts the accuracy of other components in the survey, such as the alignment of base lines, the correct application of compass directions, and the proper use of survey instruments.

In contrast, while base lines, compass directions, and survey instruments are all important elements of the surveying process, they rely on an established set of reference points for their effective use and accuracy. Thus, establishing reference points first lays the groundwork for all other surveying methodologies.